PSYCHOANALYSIS THERAPY SUMMARY
BRIEF BIOGRAPHY
Freud(1856-1939) spent nearly all of his life in Vienna. He was an excellent student but his career choices were restricted beecause of his jewish heritage. He settled on medicine and at the age of 26 he attained a position at the Uiversity of Vienna. By exploring the meaning of his own dreams, he gained heights into the dynamics of personality and he formulated his clinical theory and observe the work of his patients in analysis. He had very little tolerance of collegues who diverged from his psychoanalytic doctrines. He died of cancer of the jaw in London.
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMAENT
The origins of psychoanalysis are identified with the early 1880’s. During this time, Josef Bruer’s treatment of hysteria influenced Freud’s thinking. Freud studied under Jean Charot, where he explored the use of hypnotic techniques. Those two experiences, among others led to Freud first using the term psychoanalysis in 1986.
VIEW OF HUMAN NATURE
Sigmund Freud painted a vivid portrait of human nature. He believed that that personality was determined entirely by conditions and events beyond personal control. He divided personality into three components parts: first the id and were present at birth, entirely unconscious,, and all innate instincts) second :ego developing out of the id at about 6-8months to help the id gain its end the third is super ego- developing out of he ego at about ages 3-5and including the ego ideal and the conscience.
He also believed that that every one was highly sexual, and he believes that this happened during years of " childhood innocence." and this could be trace. And further more,Freud also believes adult perosonality was established by about age 5, following a more or less set course through a series of psychosexual stages
DEVELOPMENT OF MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR
In the psycho sexual stage, the conflicts and fixations is first developed. When the ego is unable to cope, it may allow more libido to regress to earlier points of fixation, resulting in childishness, narcissism, or immorality and destructiveness or what we called maladaptive behavior.
GOALS OF THE THERAPY
The ultimate goal of psychoanalytic is not to remove the symptoms instead, it is the total reconstruction of personality through making the unconscious conscious
- offers help to those who are willing and able to endure a lengthy, arduous, and often painful process to achieve a resolution for intra psychic conflicts that will enable them to handle life's other conflicts in a healthier way.
- to general strengthening of a person's ego so that instinctual aggressive and sexual impulses could be brought under control
- it is designed to reintegrate previously repressed experiences in the total personality structure
FUNCTION OF THE THERAPIST
- neither offers advice/nor extends sympathy
- encourages clients/patients to talk whatever comes to mind especially about the childhood experiences
- fosters transference by allowing the client to project unresolved conflicts, feelings, and experiences onto the analyst
- active and a neutral observer
4 MAJOR METHODS AND TECHNIQUES OF PSYCHOANALYTIC THERAPY
In the psychoanalytic theraphy there are 4 major techniques the free association,dream analysis, interpretation of transference, analysis of resistance.
1. FREE ASSOCIATION- this technique encourages clients to speak their mind and say whatever they're thin
king regardless of how silly,unimportant,rude or painful it may be.Generally this technique allows for some catharsis ( meaning " purification"the expression of emotions that is expected to lead to their reduction) and the therapist keeps an ear open to repressed material that with a goal of leading the client toward better insights of the hidden dynamics.
2.DREAM ANALYSIS- sigmund freud believed that dreams are the" road to the unconscious" because of the fact that so much repressed unconscious material arises within the context of dreams. the therapist works to cover the disguised meanings that are in dream through the study of the dream symbolism.
when a person sleeps, the ego relaxes its control over unconscious materials. because dreams become a window into the unconscious.
The analyst may also discuss or interpret the meaning of dreams.
MANIFEST CONTENT- which are said to contain surface material.
LATENT CONTENT- the deeper hidden meaning.
Freud found consistent symbols in dreams that signified the same thing for nearly everyone.
the steps,ladders.and staircases represent sexual intercourse
the candles, snakes and tree trunks stood for the penis.
freud warned that they still have to be interpreted with in the context of the individuals life.
3. INTERPRETATION OF TRANSFERENCE- which occurs when the client responds to the analyst as a significant authority person out of his or her life,an obstacle to treatment. Both positive an negative feelings can be transferred statements of administration,anger or dislikes are categories of transference.interpretation of transference encourages its development to enhance insight into the clients way of perceiving,feeling,and reacting to significant figures from early life.
COUNTERTRANSFERENSE- is when the therapist does react personally
4. INTERPRETATION OF RESISTANCE-. resistance occurs when a client becomes reluctant to bring unconscious or repressed thoughts to the surface and explore then. it is also identified as " any idea ,attitude,feeling,or action( conscious or unconscious) that fosters the status quo and gets in the way of change. the therapist of the psychoanalytic model will usually point out resistance when it occurs and then educate the client about how better work with the unconscious material as opposed to resist it.
APPLICATION
In Dora's case according to Freud both resistance and transference clearly revealed. she flee from the therapy because her dream also signified something about Freud her past experiences. it can be a long term and can be intensive therapy session.
if the client is a like Dora who flee from therapy where everything seems to be okay, it is difficult both for the therapist and to Dora because, in the therapist the information is incomplete and to Dora it will take a long time for her to heal herself
CRITICAL ANALYSIS
The psychiatric literature contains many testimonials to the insights and personality changes achieved through psychoanalysis. This theory is very comprehensive conceptual systems of human understanding. But the problem with psychoanalysis is the relative vagueness of its concepts and the difficulties it presents in deriving clear and verifiable hypothesis. Psychoanalysis also presents limitations when applied to multicultural counseling. On the other hand, a strength of psychotherapy as part of the training of therapists that helps therapists of all ethnic and racial backgrounds become aware of their own biases and prejudices.
CURRENT STATUS
Contemporary psychoanalytic thinking can be divided into three major camps: ego psychology, object-relations theories and self-psychology. In ego psychology the goal is to help clients know themselves more fully, understand their inner conflicts and become more aware of ways to respond differently in the future. Beyond the tensions surrounding sex and aggression, issues of identity, intimacy, and integrity become especially salient in this traditions. Object-relations a technical term roughly translated as “past interpersonal relationships”. These theorists point out that we develop our patterns of living from our early relations particularly with parents----internalized “objects’. The goal of object-relations therapy is to understand how these childhood patterns are repeated in adult life. Self-originating in infancy, the self-integrates and develops incrementally to produce either healthy relationship or the opposite, the full range of adult psychopathologies.
GROUP MEMBERS:
Tampus, Ma.Ellen Jay
Billones, Cherry
Garais, Eloisa
Duterte, Sheryl
Haveria, Maricris
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